Strict Standards: Declaration of ContentController::display() should be compatible with JController::display($cachable = false) in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/controller.php on line
373
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
71
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Deprecated: Non-static method JModel::addIncludePath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
382
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JPath::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/model.php on line
253
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/content.php on line
35
Deprecated: Non-static method JHTML::_() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/controller.php on line
37
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JPath::find() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
66
Deprecated: Non-static method JHTML::addIncludePath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
66
Strict Standards: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback, non-static method JHTMLBehavior::caption() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
91
Strict Standards: Non-static method JHTML::script() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/system/mtupgrade/behavior.php on line
86
Strict Standards: Non-static method JHTML::_() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
172
Strict Standards: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback, non-static method JHTMLBehavior::mootools() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
91
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/system/mtupgrade/behavior.php on line
52
Strict Standards: Non-static method JHTML::script() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/system/mtupgrade/behavior.php on line
66
Strict Standards: Non-static method JURI::root() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
176
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getDocument() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
179
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/system/mtupgrade/behavior.php on line
70
Strict Standards: Non-static method JURI::root() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
176
Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getDocument() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
179
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getCmd() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/controller.php on line
40
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
255
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
134
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getUser() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/controller.php on line
46
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getSession() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
163
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/controller.php on line
47
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
134
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is deprecated, use preg_replace_callback instead in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/filter/filterinput.php on line
512
Deprecated: preg_replace(): The /e modifier is deprecated, use preg_replace_callback instead in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/filter/filterinput.php on line
514
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/controller.php on line
48
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
151
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getDocument() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
287
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getCmd() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
290
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
255
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
134
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getCmd() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
291
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
255
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
134
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JPath::find() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
627
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
71
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/view.php on line
178
Deprecated: Non-static method JHTML::addIncludePath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/view.php on line
13
Deprecated: Non-static method JPath::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
326
Deprecated: Non-static method JModel::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
592
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JPath::find() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/model.php on line
112
Deprecated: Non-static method JModel::addIncludePath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/model.php on line
113
Deprecated: Non-static method JModel::_createFileName() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/model.php on line
114
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getDBO() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/model.php on line
83
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JTable::addIncludePath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/model.php on line
268
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
134
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
356
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
705
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
706
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getCache() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/controller.php on line
307
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
192
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JCache::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
208
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Strict Standards: Declaration of JCacheView::get() should be compatible with JCache::get($id, $group = NULL) in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/cache/handler/view.php on line
150
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getCmd() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/cache/cache.php on line
87
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
255
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
151
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getURI() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/cache/handler/view.php on line
148
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getURI() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
51
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
403
Deprecated: Non-static method JCacheStorage::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/cache/cache.php on line
313
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/cache/storage/file.php on line
37
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/cache/cache.php on line
206
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getDocument() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/cache/handler/view.php on line
85
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getUser() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/views/article/view.html.php on line
33
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getSession() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
163
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getDocument() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/views/article/view.html.php on line
34
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/views/article/view.html.php on line
35
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
71
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Deprecated: Non-static method JPathway::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
682
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplicationHelper::getClientInfo() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/pathway.php on line
75
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/pathway.php on line
34
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/application.php on line
345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
705
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
706
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
683
Deprecated: Non-static method JComponentHelper::getParams() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/application.php on line
240
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
705
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
706
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
382
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
382
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method ContentHelperQuery::buildVotingQuery() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
526
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getUser() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
608
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getSession() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
163
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getDate() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
611
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
71
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getLanguage() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
427
Deprecated: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
436
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getACL() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/user/user.php on line
260
Deprecated: Non-static method JText::_() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
550
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getLanguage() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line
120
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getUser() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
110
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getSession() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line
163
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
583
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
151
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/views/article/view.html.php on line
60
Deprecated: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
151
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line
577
Deprecated: Non-static method JTable::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/models/article.php on line
181
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JPath::find() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/database/table.php on line
91
Deprecated: Non-static method JTable::addIncludePath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/database/table.php on line
91
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getDBO() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/database/table.php on line
112
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getACL() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/user/user.php on line
260
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getACL() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/user/user.php on line
260
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getACL() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/user/user.php on line
260
Deprecated: Non-static method JRoute::_() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/views/article/view.html.php on line
78
Deprecated: Non-static method ContentHelperRoute::getArticleRoute() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/views/article/view.html.php on line
78
Deprecated: Non-static method ContentHelperRoute::_findItem() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/helpers/route.php on line
49
Deprecated: Non-static method JComponentHelper::getComponent() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/helpers/route.php on line
97
Deprecated: Non-static method JComponentHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/helper.php on line
39
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/helpers/route.php on line
99
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
705
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
706
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/methods.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/application.php on line
372
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JRouter::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
659
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
660
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/router.php on line
419
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/application.php on line
345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
705
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
706
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/router.php on line
401
Deprecated: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/router.php on line
295
Deprecated: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/application.php on line
345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
705
Deprecated: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
706
Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/router.php on line
19
Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/application.php on line
345
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
705
Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
706
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/router.php on line
90
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
382
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
382
Deprecated: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/includes/router.php on line
109
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::importPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/components/com_content/views/article/view.html.php on line
101
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
92
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
147
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JComponentHelper::getParams() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/content/labels.php on line
35
Deprecated: Non-static method JComponentHelper::getComponent() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/helper.php on line
83
Deprecated: Non-static method JComponentHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/component/helper.php on line
39
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getDBO() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/content/labels.php on line
37
Deprecated: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/content/labels.php on line
38
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
147
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/content/cdaccesstext.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
147
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
147
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
147
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JHTML::addIncludePath() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/plugins/content/comments.php on line
54
Deprecated: Non-static method JPath::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line
326
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
147
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
41
Deprecated: Non-static method JRegistryFormat::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line
373
Deprecated: Non-static method JFilterInput::clean() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/registry/format.php on line
45
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
484
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
97
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
186
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line
484
Deprecated: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line
140
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
161
Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in
/home/h188220/old.ravazadeh.com/libraries/loader.php on line
138
Deprecated: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in
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 یاقوت های معجزه گر
گردآوری و ترجمه: دکتر نکیسا رحمانی- داروساز- مدیر تحقیقات شرکت داروسازی امین
مهندس ناصر صفاری- کارشناس ارشد علوم گیاهی- کارشناس تحقیقات
گرایش مجدد مردم به فراورده های گیاهی و تولید روز افزون این فراورده ها از سوی شرکت های معتبر داروسازی جهان بهانه ای است برای توجه بیشتر به این فراورده ها. با این وجود هنوز هم بسیاری از پزشکان اعتقادی به خواص درمانی گیاهان ندارند یا اینکه در مورد آنها اظهار تردید می کنند.
این تردید از آنجا ناشی می شود که در بسیاری از مواقع نحوه آماده سازی داروهای گیاهی و تحویل آنها به مردم به نحو صحیح انجام نمی گیرد و در نتیجه خواص درمانی گیاه از بین رفته و یا تقلیل می یابد که این امر موجب عدم اثربخشی گیاه در درمان بیماری هاست. در سال های اخیر شرکت داروسازی امین در راستای ارتقاء فرهنگ مصرف فراورده های گیاهی و در عین حال حفظ اثر بخشی آنها اقدام به تولید انواع این فرآورده ها از جمله قرص و شربت بر پایه اصول کاملاً علمی و تحت شرایط GMP نموده است. از جمله محصولات جدید این شرکت قرص انار می باشد که از عصاره استاندارد شده پوست میوه انار تهیه شده است. هر قرص حاوی حداقل 90 میلی گرم الاژیک اسید (ellagic acid) می باشد. الاژیک اسید موثرترین ترکیب میوه انار است.
مقدمه
بدن انسان روزانه در معرض رادیکال های آزاد بسیاری قرار می گیرد. رادیکال های آزاد با القاء اکسیداسیون نامطلوببه غشاء سلولی آسیب رسانده، پروتئین ها و DNA را تخریب و منجر به مرگ سلولی می شوند.
آلودگی های محیطی، استرس، استعمال دخانیات، تشعشعات و تغذیه ناکافی از عوامل خارجی هستند که منجر به تولید رادیکال های آزاد می شوند. در عین حال تولید رادیکال های آزاد جزء جدایی ناپذیری از عملکرد طبیعی سلول های بدن است. سلول ها برای تولید انرژی به اکسیژن نیاز دارند و در فرایندی که اصطلاحاً به آن تنفس میتوکندریال می گویند سلول ها اکسیژن را گرفته آن را سوزانده و انرژی آزاد می کنند و در طول این روند رادیکال های آزاد تولید می شوند. بدن انسان برای مقابله با رادیکالهای آزاد مجهز به سیستم های دفاعی آنتی اکسیدان است. گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز دسموتاز ، کاتالاز و سوپراکسیداز دسموتاز ، آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی هستند که واسطه های سمی را خنثی کرده و از آسیب سلولی رادیکال های آزاد جلوگیری می کنند . مع الوصف زمانی که تولید رادیکال های آزاد بیش از ظرفیت بدن برای خنثی کردن آنها باشد شرایط استرس اکسیداتیو به وجود می آید. کاهش تولید آنتی اکسیدان ها و یا تولید بیش از حد رادیکال های آزاد منجر به این عدم تعادل می شود . این استرس اکسیداتیو نقش بسیاری در پاتوژنز بیش از 70 بیماری مزمن ایفا می کند از جمله بیماری قلبی – عروقی ، سرطان ، دیابت ، آلزایمر ، پارکینسون ، بیماری های التهابی دستگاه گوارش ، آرتریت روماتوئید و بسیاری از بیماری های دیگر . لذا برای مقابله با استرس اکسیداتیو ما نیاز به مصرف مقادیر کافی آنتی اکسیدان داریم که با خنثی کردن رادیکال های آزاد ، عملکرد سلول ها را در حد طبیعی حفظ و یا ترمیم کنند . امروزه فرای از آنتی اکسیدان های سنتی مانند ویتامین c ویتامینE و بتاکاروتن ، توجه محققان و دانشمندان به سمت سایر فیتوکمیکال ها معطوف شده است. فیتوکمیکال ها طیف وسیعی از مواد گیاهی هستند که در میوه ها ، سبزیجات ، حبوبات و غلات یافت می شوند . از جمله این فیتوکمیکال ها می توان به ترکیبات پلی فنلی اشاره کرد . ترکیبات پلی فنلی که از نقطه نظر اثرات سلامت بخش ، کلیدی ترین گروه فیتوکمیکال ها هستند دارای چندین اثر بیولوژیک هستند مانند اثرات ضد سرطان ، ضد ایسکمی ، ضد آلرژی ، صد سمیت کبدی و ضد التهابی . چندین مطالعه اپیدمیولوژیک نشان می دهد که مصرف منظم مواد غذایی سرشار از پلی فنل ها نظیر تانن ها و فلاونوئیدها با کاهش خطر ابتلا به عوارض قلبی – عروقی ، تصلب شرائین ، سکته ، فراموشی و سرطان همراه است . بسیاری از فعالیت های بیولوژیکی پلی فنلی به خواص آنتی اکسیدانی آنها نسبت داده می شود .
انار گیاهی است که به جهت داشتن مقادیر بالای ترکیبات منحصر به فرد پلی فنلی در سال های اخیر توجه محققان را به خود معطوف کرده است . فعالیت بالای آنتی اکسیدانی آب انار و سایر اجزاء میوه انار در مقایسه با سایر میوه ها و نوشیدنی های آنتی اکسیدان ، اساس پژوهش های اخیر روی انار به عنوان یک مکمل غذایی بوده است و به طوری که در سال های اخیر بیش از 500 مقاله PubMed ایندکس شده و طی دو سال گذشته تعداد مقالات علمی چاپ شده در خصوص انار در مجلات معتبر دو برابر شده و چندین کار آزمایی بالینی نیز روی انسان آغاز شده است . اثرات مفید میوه انار و عصاره های آن در طیف گوناگونی از بیماری های مزمن وابسته به استرس اکسیداتیو بررسی شده است .
مکانیسم اثر
در طول دهه گذشته پیشرفت های قابل توجهی در اثبات مکانیسم های فارماکولوژیک انار و تک تک اجزاء آن صورت گرفته است . عصاره های همه اجزاء میوه خواص درمانی دارند و برخی از گزارشات حاکی از این است که پوست تنه ، ریشه و برگ درخت نیز اثرات دارویی دارند . ظرفیت بالای آنتی اکسیدانی انار در شرایط in vitro بیشتر مربوط به میزان بالای ترکیبات پلی فنلی از جمله الاژیک اسید (ellagic acid ) ، گالیک اسید ، پانی کالاژین و پانی کالین و ترکیبات فلاونوئیدی و آنتوسیانیدی است . به نظر می آید که این ترکیبات پلی فنلی با مکانیسم های مختلف عمل می کنند . به این ترتیب که برخی بعد از جذب وارد جریان خون شده و به صورت مستقیم به عنوان آنتی اکسیدان عمل می کنند و تعدادی نیز قابلیت جذب از دستگاه گوارش را نداشته تحت تأثیر میکروفلور کولون متابولیزه و به سایر مواد بیولوژیک فعال تبدیل می شوند .
اگرچه منافع درمانی گسترده انار به مکانیسم های متعددی نسبت داده می شود ، بسیاری از مقالات منتشر شده در دهه گذشته در خصوص انار روی فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی انار در شرایط in vivo ،in vitro وex vivo متمرکز بوده است چرا که فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی مهمترین اثر زیستی انار است که پایه سایر اثرات ضد سرطانی ، ضد التهابی و ضد دیابتیک آن نیز می باشد . تحقیقات نشان داده شده است که خاصیت آنتی اکسیدان انار 3 برابر قوی تر از چای سبز و انگور قرمز که فعالیت بالای آنتی اکسیدانی آنها ثابت شده است ، می باشد . همچنین عصاره های پوست انار فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی بالاتری در مقایسه با آب انار یا عصاره های دانه ازخود نشان داده اند و در پیشگیری از پراکسیداسیون چربی و اکسیداسیونLDL نیز مؤثرتر بوده اند . به علاوه عصاره پوست انار نسبت به زردچوبه و یا اسکوربیک اسید ( دو مشتق غذایی با خواص آنتی اکسیدانی ) اثر آنتی اکسیدانی بالاتری نشان داده است .
فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی میوه انار یک اثر چند عاملی و حاصل اثر سینرژیک ترکیبات مؤثر میوه انار است . الاژیک اسید موجود در عصاره انار که به خاطر قدرت بالایش برای شلات کردن یون های فلزی می تواند با رادیکال های آزاد واکنش دهد یک آنتی اکسیدان قوی در برابر پراکسیداسیون چربی ها در میتوکندری ها و میکروزوم هاست . پانی کالاژین نیز با فراهم کردن الکترون ، رادیکال های آزاد حاصل از پراکسیداسیون چربی ها را حذف می نماید . فلاونوئیدها نیز به واسطه تأثیرشان بر حذف رادیکال های آزاد سهم زیادی در فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی انار دارند. به نظر می آید که فلاونوئیدهای انار فعالیت آنتی پراکسیداتیو دارند .در مدل های حیوانی عصاره های مختلف انار با اتصال به رادیکال های آزاد ، استرس اکسیداتیو در ماکروفاژها و پراکسیداسیون چربی ها را مهار کرده اند . در یک بررسی جداگانه در موش هایی که به کبد آنها با کلرفرم آسیب رسانده شده بود ، مشاهده شد که پیش درمانی با عصاره پوست انار ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی آنزیم های کبدی از جمله کاتالاز ، سوپراکسید دسموتاز و پراکسیداز را بالا برده و منجر به کاهش 54 درصدی شاخص های پراکسیداسیون چربی ها در مقایسه با گروه کنترل شد.علاوه بر این در یک مطالعه انسانی مصرف عصاره انار محتوای کربونیل پلاسما ( شاخص آسیب به سیستم اکسیدانت/آنتی اکسیدانت در بیماری های التهابی ) را در مقایسه با گروه شاهد کاهش داد .از آنجا که سطح ویتامین E، اسکوربیک اسید و گلوتاتیون احیاء شده پلاسما در دو گروه تفاوت معنی داری نداشت محققان نتیجه گرفتند که پلی فنل های انارمسئول ایجاد این نتایج بوده اند.
سلامت قلب و عروق
داده های حاصل از مطالعات انسانی و حیوانی مؤید اثرات مطلوب مصرف آب انار و عصاره های انار در حفظ یا بهبود سلامت قلب و عروق دارد. نشان داده شده است که عصاره انار اثرات ضد فشار خون و ضد تصلب شرائین دارد و میزان چربی های خون را کاهش می دهد.
پر فشاری خون
اثر ضد فشار خون انار بسیار بالاست. در یک تحقیق بالینی در مبتلایان به پرفشاری خون ، مصرف آب انار فعالیت آنزیم مبدل آنژیوتانسین را مهار کرده و فشار خون سیستولی را 5% کاهش داده است . پلی فنل های انار با مهار اکسیداسیون LDL ، آنزیم NO سنتاز در اندوتلیال عروقی را مهار و تولید نیتریک اکساید (NO) اندوتلیان عروقی که یک عامل شل کننده است را افزایش داده و به عنوان وازودیلاتور عمل می کنند .
تصلب شرایین
در شرایط in vitro، مدل های حیوانی و کارآزمایی های بالینی در انسان ، اثر بخشی ترکیبات مختلف انار در پیشگیری و کاهش تصلب شرائین اثبات شده است . در مرحله اولیه تصلب شرائین ، کلسترول بالای پلاسما ، افزایش استرس اکسیداتیو و افزایش میزان استرفیکاسیون کلسترول ، عوامل مؤثر در تشکیل سلول های حبابی و گسترش ضایعات آترواسکلروز است . در پاسخ به این سؤال که آیا عصاره های انار توانایی مهار آتروژنز را دارند یا خیر ، تحقیقات زیادی در مراکز تحقیقاتی مستقل بر روی حیوان و انسان انجام گرفت و ثابت شد که عصاره انار پراکسیداسیون چربی ها در پلاسما و لیپوپروتئین ها را مهار می کند . مصرف آب انار در مدل حیوانی تصلب شرائین ، تعداد سلول های حبابی و اندازه ضایعات آترواسکلروتیک را تا 44% کاهش داده است . همچنین مصرف فرآورده های انار از جمله عصاره های پوست میوه و آب انار با کاهش جذب LDL اکسید شده در ماکروفاژها و حفظ و بالا بردن سطح NO در سلول های اندوتلیال از پیشرفت تصلب شرائین جلوگیری کرده انقباض عروق نیمه گرفته جلوگیری می کنند. در این شرایط آزمایشگاهی آب انار ( به شیوه ای وابسته به دوز ) تجمع پلاکتی ناشی از کلاژن را در پلاکتهای انسانی تا 90% مهار کرده است .
هیپر لیپیدمی
عصاره های مختلف انار بر روی تنظیم چربی خون اثرات مفیدی دارند و در مدل های حیوانی منجر به کاهش تری گلیسرید ، توتال کلسترول و LDL شده و HDL را افزایش داده و نقش مثبتی در اختلالات متابولیسم چربی ایفا کرده اند . الاژیک اسید بیشترین فعالیت کاهنده چربی را دارد .
اثرات ضد سرطان
به دلیل مشکلاتی که با رژیم های فعلی شیمی درمانی وجود دارد بیشتر تحقیقات در حوزه داروهای سرطان بر یافتن ترکیبات طبیعی متمرکز شده است . کار سینوژنز یک جریان آبشاری بسیار پیچیده است که فاکتورهای زیادی بر آن مؤثر می باشد . میوه انار به جهت داشتن صد ها فیتو کمیکال و خواص آنتی اکسیدانی بالا می تواند در مراحل مختلف تشکیل و گسترش تومورهای سرطانی تداخل نماید مانند مرحله التهابی ، آنژیوژنز ، آپوپتوز ، تکثیر و تهاجم . اثر مهاری عصاره انار روی سلول های سرطان در سرطان های پروستات ، سینه ، کولون ، پوست ، ریه و همچنین لوسمی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است . در مطالعات پیش بالینی بر روی حیوانات ، مصرف خوراکی عصاره انار ، رشد تومورهای ریه ، پوست ، کولون و پروستات را مهار کرده است.از بین این سرطان ها سرطان پروستات در انسان بیشتر مطالعه و نتایج رضایت بخشی نیز حاصل شده است .
سرطان پروستات
سرطان پروستات دومین علت مرگ و میرهای ناشی از سرطان در مردان در بیشتر کشورهای دنیاست . تأثیر عصاره میوه انار در سرطان پروستات در سیستم های کشت سلولی ، مدل های حیوانی و فاز دوم مطالعات بالینی در انسان ثابت شده است . در مراحل ابتدایی ، سرطان پروستات وابسته به هورمون های آندروژن است با این حال در مراحل پیشرفته وابستگی خود را به آندروژن ها از دست می دهد . بیان بالا (up regulation) گیرنده های آندروژن باعث می شود که بیماری در مراحل پیشرفته وابستگی خود را به آندروژن ها از دست بدهد . Hong و همکاران تأثیر پلی فنل های انار و عصاره میوه کامل انار را بر بیان ژن های آنزیم های کلیدی سنتز آندروژن و رسپتور آندروژن انجام دادند و مشاهده کردند که پلی فنل های انار بیان این ژن ها را مهار می کنند . این محققیق نتیجه گرفتند که پلی فنل های انار می توانند در درمان سلول های سرطانی پروستات مقاوم به آندروژن ها و یا سلول هایی که در آنها رسپتورهای آندروژنی تنظیم بالا شده اند اهمیت ویژه ای داشته باشند .Wang و همکارانش نیز گزارش داده اند که عصاره انار علاوه بر اینکه باعث مرگ سلول های سرطانی مقاوم به هورمون می شوند ، چسبندگی سلولی را افزایش داده و مهاجرت سلول هایی که هنوز نمرده اند را کاهش می دهد . خواص آنتی پرولفراتیو و القایی آپوپتوز عصاره میوه انار نیز در هر دو سیستم کشت سلولی و مدل حیوانی نیز ثابت شده است . در سال 2006 در مطالعه ای بر روی 46 مرد مبتلا به سرطان پروستات که بعد از درمان سرطان هنوز سطح هنوز سطح PSA ( آنتی ژن اختصاصی پروستات ) بالابوده نشان داده شد که مصرف روزانه آب انار به طور قابل توجهی باعث تأخیر در بالا رفتن سطح PSA می شود به طوری که زمان دو برابر شدن سطح خونی این آنزیم از 15 ماه به 54 ماه افزایش یافت . همچنین آنالیز پلاسمای افراد قبل و بعد از درمان با آب انار نشان داد که پلاسمای افراد درمان شده فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و آنتی پرولیفراتیو بالاتری داشتند .
سرطان سینه
شواهد بدست آمده از مدل های حیوانی و کشت سلولی دال بر اثر بخشی اجزاء مؤثره انار بر روی سرطان سینه است . در محیط های کشت سلولی سلول های سرطانی سینه ، عصاره های انار رشد سلول ها را از طریق آپوپتوز مهار کرده اند . تحقیقات بیشتر نشان داد که مهار مشاهده شده در مدل های سرطان سینه ممکن است ناشی از یک مکانیسم آنتی آنژیوژنز و مهار فاکتور هسته ای Kappa-B باشد . به علاوه در مدل های کشت سلولی و مدلهای حیوانی مواد مؤثره انار آنزیم های آروماتاز و 17- هیدروکسی استروئید دهیدروژناز را مهار کرده و از خود فعالیت ضد استروژنی نشان داده اند . آنزیم آروماتاز که آندروژن را به استروژن تبدیل می کند در کارسینوژنز سینه نقش کلیدی ایفا می کند .
نتایج این تحقیق که در مجله cancer prevention research وابسته به انجمن تحقیقات سرطان آمریکا چاپ شده است مؤید این مسئله است که پلی فنل های انار نظیر مهار کننده های آنزیم آروماتاز عمل کرده تولید استروژن را مهار و از تکثیر سلول های سرطانی و رشد تومورهای وابسته به استروژن جلوگیری می کنند . با این وجود مطالعات بیشتری در مدل های حیوانی و انسان لازم است تا اثربخشی عصاره انار بر روی سرطان سینه وابسته به هورمون را تأکید کند.
سرطان پوست
مصرف موضعی روغن دانه انار و عصاره میوه انار در مدل های حیوانی شیوع سرطان پوست و تعداد تومورها را کاهش داده و شروع آنها را به تأخیر انداخته است . مصرف عصاره های انار بر روی پوست انسان قبل از در معرض اشعه UV قرار گرفتن از پیری و سرطان پوست ناشی از اشعه UV جلوگیری نموده و با دخالت در مسیرهای مولکولی درون سلولی ، پوست را در برابر اثرات نامطلوب اشعه محافظت کرده است . لذا اثرات محافظت کنندگی عصاره های انار بر روی سلول های پوستی هم برای پیشگیری از سرطان پوست و هم کاهش photoaging می تواند حائز اهمیت باشد .
سایر سرطان ها
عصاره میوه انار در کشت سلولی سلول های سرطانی ریه اثرات مهاری نشان داده و در مدل های حیوانی نیز رشد تومورها و تکثیر آنها را کاهش داده است . برعکس عصاره میوه انار در شرایط in vitro بر روی سلول های سرطانی سرویکس دارای اثرات ناچیز سیتوتوکسیک بوده است .
هوای آلوده و سرطان در بچه ها
تحقیقات اخیر نشان می دهد مواجهه مادران باردار با هوای آلوده ، احتمال ابتلای کودک به سرطان را در دوران کودکی افزایش می دهد .
طبق نتایج این بررسی کودکان مادران بارداری که در فاصله 300 متری از ایستگاه اتوبوس در مناطق پرتردد زندگی می کنند بیشتر در معرض خطر هستند . در این مطالعه محققان با در نظر گرفتن موقعیت و محل تولد کودک و میزان برخورد مادر باردار با آلودگی هوای ناشی از ترافیک ، دریافتند و مواجهه با آلاینده هایی چون مونوکسیدکربن و 1 و 3 بوتادین بیش از دو برابر خطر سرطان را در کودک افزایش می دهد . بسیاری از سرطان های دوران کودکی با مواجهه مادر در زمان بارداری یا اوایل تولد کودک ، با گازهای حاصل از احتراق نفت مخصوصأ از اگزوز موتورها ازتباط دارد . کودکانی که مادرشان در بارداری با بیشترین میزان آلودگی های ترافیکی مواجه بوده اند ، در اولین سال های زندگی خود 19% بیشتر احتمال دارد تا به رتینوبلاستومای دو طرفه مبتلا شوند .
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